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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumdaŋdem | om kumdaŋde |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdet | ot kumdaŋde |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋda | ok/ogeš kumdaŋde |
| 1PL: | kumdaŋdena | ona/ogə̑na kumdaŋde |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdeda | oda/ogə̑da kumdaŋde |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋdat | ogə̑t kumdaŋde |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumdaŋdə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kumdaŋde |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kumdaŋde |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋdə̑š | ə̑š kumdaŋde |
| 1PL: | kumdaŋdə̑šna | ə̑šna kumdaŋde |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdə̑šda | ə̑šda kumdaŋde |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋdə̑št | ə̑št kumdaŋde |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumdaŋdenam | kumdaŋden omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdenat | kumdaŋden otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋden | kumdaŋden ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kumdaŋdenna | kumdaŋden onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdenda | kumdaŋden odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋdenə̑t | kumdaŋden ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumdaŋdem ə̑l'e | om kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdet ə̑l'e | ot kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋda ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumdaŋdena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋdat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumdaŋdem ulmaš | om kumdaŋde ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdet ulmaš | ot kumdaŋde ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋda ulmaš | ok/ogeš kumdaŋde ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kumdaŋdena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kumdaŋde ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kumdaŋde ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋdat ulmaš | ogə̑t kumdaŋde ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumdaŋdenam ə̑l'e | kumdaŋden omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdenat ə̑l'e | kumdaŋden otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋden ə̑l'e | kumdaŋden ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumdaŋdenna ə̑l'e | kumdaŋden onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdenda ə̑l'e | kumdaŋden odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋden ə̑l'e | kumdaŋden ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumdaŋdenam ulmaš | kumdaŋden omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdenat ulmaš | kumdaŋden otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋden ulmaš | kumdaŋden ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kumdaŋdenna ulmaš | kumdaŋden onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdenda ulmaš | kumdaŋden odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋden ulmaš | kumdaŋden ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋde | it kumdaŋde |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋdə̑že | ə̑nže kumdaŋde |
| 1PL: | (kumdaŋdena) | (ona/ogə̑na kumdaŋde) |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdə̑za | ida kumdaŋde |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋdə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kumdaŋde |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumdaŋdə̑nem | ə̑nem kumdaŋde |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdə̑net | ə̑net kumdaŋde |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋdə̑neže | ə̑než kumdaŋde |
| 1PL: | kumdaŋdə̑nena | ə̑nena kumdaŋde |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdə̑neda | ə̑neda kumdaŋde |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋdə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kumdaŋde |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumdaŋdə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋdə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumdaŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋdə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kumdaŋde ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kumdaŋdə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kumdaŋde ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumdaŋdə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kumdaŋde ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kumdaŋdə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kumdaŋde ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumdaŋdə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kumdaŋde ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kumdaŋdaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kumdaŋdə̑man |
| Active participle: | kumdaŋdə̑še |
| Passive participle: | kumdaŋdə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kumdaŋdə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kumdaŋdə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kumdaŋden |
| Negative gerund: | kumdaŋdə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kumdaŋdə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kumdaŋdə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kumdaŋdə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kumdaŋdə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kumdaŋdə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||